I am not completely sure I understand you. Some points however:

1. For questions and answers (not for comments, individually) the owner still has access to the data even if "deleted" (things are not really deleted, they are just not generally displayed anymore, it can be just a bit harder to find). [I believe, though not sure, comments are also preserved in the database itsellf but one would need direct access to it, moderator or even more "powerful", to get them.]

2. In general content considered as valuable/creative is not deleted even if it is off-topic. In case you have a concern regarding a specific contribution, please, try to be as specific as possible.

3. Regarding "copyrights" and so on (I am very hesitant to comment on this as these things can be complicated, but): in contributing to MO you license your content under a Creative Commons license (for details follow the link on the main page). This grants "MO" and everybody else certain rights regarding to use/publish/display the content. However, it does not put "MO" under any obligation to (indefinitely) publish/display/preserve this content. At least under no (remotely) legal one.

That being said, and as mentioned above, if you are interested in some deleted content and have difficulty accessing it due to it being deleted, feel free to ask here for help to retrieve this content. Typically you will find somebody willing to help, since even if there is no obligation, of course nobody should loose some content or work they find important just due to it having been delted here.

ps: Here, the question you might be looking for http://mathoverflow.net/questions/119749/

Could you please be more precise what you are looking for.

In particular, is your display name on main Max1, too. There is such a user but last seen in 2011(!)., so this is not evident. Even more so as there are various users Max (plus something).

In addition I take it the question I linked to is not what you were looking for (it was something on Kolmogorov complexity). Could you confirm this.

Okay, so you seem not to be Max1 (on main) but Max (number 24786), or to make it easier for others look for Max with a gold badge. The one I guessed, originally.

But I am now very confused what you want as you have the links anyway. So you should have (if you are logged in on MO) access to this anyway. Is there a problem with you accessing these pages. If you want I can copy over the text here.

That is surprising.

Either I misunderstood that owners can still see their own deleted questions (it is definitely true for answers, but might be different for qustions). Perhaps somebody else can confirm or refute this. Or you are not actually logged in on MO (with the right account). Could your try to recheck you are really logged in by clicking on you username at the top of the page and seeing what you get. And then if you are really the Max I mentioned above then copy paste the urls in that browser windows address bar and see if there is still a 404.

In any case, I think at the moment I can not be of further help. Perhaps somebody else will be able to say something.

Max, when you emailed the moderators, we gave you the full text for these questions (which is still accessible to all users with at least 10k points). There are no obligations for us to distribute these to anyone, but you have granted everyone the right to do that under the terms of the CC BY-SA license for your questions. In general, copyright protects you by preventing others to distribute your work without a license to do so, but it does not require anyone to distribute your work.

I think you would benefit from a different idea of how things operate.

When you send things like suggestions or photos to a company for
a contest or publicity campaign, the card and the idea or image you send
become the property of the company. This does not mean you can no
longer send a copy of that idea or image to someone else; it means the card you
sent is no longer yours to command, and the company does what it wants with
the idea or image: you cannot by law compel the company to do something
with it.

When you submit a question, comment, or answer to MathOverflow,
it is understood that you are
giving something (legally, who or what that something is is still being resolved;
let us say that it is Anton for sake of discussion) permission to publish that
question, comment, or answer under certain conditions. One of the conditions
is that the "string of bits" is the property of that something, and that something
can decide not to publish it.

I am not a lawyer, and the above is a suggestion as opposed to legal analysis.
I think it is a good model to use to understand why you will not get your
working links. If the moderators gave you the text, you can create your own
links under some other domain using a different style. If MathOverflow has
decided to remove your question from public access through its website, your
primary recourse to restore it is to convince MathOverflow how your question
will enhance the site. This is unlikely since it seems MathOverflow has decided
your question does not enhance the site.

EDIT: I realize now that your concern is establishing priority. If it becomes
a legal issue, you may get some cooperation from the moderators regarding
timestamps. However, MathOverflow is neither a journal nor a notary service.
ArXiv is a repository, and wil provide some information, but its emphasis is not
on establishing priority. If you need to establish when you created something,
in much of the world the gold standard is to have it notarized, where you pay
someone a fee to witness an association of you, a document, and a time.
Anything less can be easily challenged, especially regarding identity of creator.
I encourage Max not to rely on MathOverflow for such services. END EDIT.

Gerhard "Still Is Not A Lawyer" Paseman, 2013.02.07

It appears Max1 would be satisfied only if his questions were undeleted, which is not going to happen. Suggest closing this thread.

@Will Jagy :
I do not require change MO status(deleted) of some my content, although I'm disagree.
I only like to see it(all my content)

I think that "open access to User's contents" needed for avoidance of copyrights( and allied rights, namely Autor rights) violation. Seems paradoxically but nevertheless.
And where here Max1?

@Max - you still own the copyright to what you wrote, but I doubt that you have the rights to the presentation of it complete with MathOverflow logo and site design. Copyright doesn't mean you get to dictate if and how the content appears on MO's website.

To see the question on the live web as it is currently, you need 10k+ reputation, and this is built into the software, which we cannot change. The only way to make it visible is to make it visible for everyone, and it is within the perogative of the moderators to decline to do that.

@DavidRoberts:
"...- you still own the copyright to what you wrote, but I doubt that you have the rights to the presentation of it complete with MathOverflow logo and site design..."

If file exists from creation date(priority date), has been developed, and not allways has "deleted" status. Why not?

"...Copyright doesn't mean you get to dictate if and how the content appears on MO's website..."
I'm not dictator.
These are references on pages, not on website.

"...The only way to make it visible is to make it visible for everyone, and it is within the perogative of the moderators to decline to do that."

I think keywords here: "page" and "site".
"page" may be subset of "site" and may not be, but stored on server.
User's Autor's do not have rights on "site" but have rights on "page".
Why Autor do not have possibility to see his own "pages"?